Anthocyanidin delphinidin kháng PC3

A dietary anthocyanidin delphinidin induces apoptosis of human ...

Anthocyanidin delphinidin kháng PC3

Delphinidin

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Delphinidin

Names
IUPAC name 2-(3,4,5-Trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3,5,7-triol
Identifiers
CAS Number	13270-61-6  528-53-0 (chloride)
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:28436
ChemSpider	114185
ECHA InfoCard	100.007.671
E number	E163b (colours)
PubChem CID	68245
InChI[show]
SMILES[show]
Properties
Chemical formula	C15H11O7+
Molar mass	303.24 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Delphinidin (also delphinidine^[1][2]) is an anthocyanidin, a primary plant pigment, and also an antioxidant.^[3] Delphinidin gives blue hues to flowers in the genera Viola and Delphinium. It also gives the blue-red color of the grape that produces Cabernet Sauvignon, and can be found in cranberries and Concord grapes as well as pomegranates,^[4] and bilberries.^[5]

Delphinidin, like nearly all other anthocyanidins, is pH-sensitive, i.e. a natural pH indicator, and changes from red in acidic solution to blue in basic solution.

Glycosides[edit]

Several glycosides derived from delphinidin are known.

Myrtillin (delphinidin-3-O-glucoside) and tulipanin (delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside) can be found in blackcurrant pomace.

Violdelphin (delphinidin 3-rutinoside-7-O-(6-O-(4-(6-O-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-β-D-glucosyl)oxybenzoyl)-β-D-glucoside) is responsible for purplish blue flower color of Aconitum chinense.^[6]
Nasunin (delphinidin-3-(p-coumaroylrutinoside)-5-glucoside) is responsible for the colour of the eggplant fruit purple skin.^[7]

Anthocyanidin

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Not to be confused with anthocyanins, the sugar-containing counterparts of anthocyanidins.

Molecule in 3D of the anthocyanidin cyanidin

Anthocyanidins are common plant pigments. They are the sugar-free counterparts of anthocyanins based on the flavylium ion or 2-phenylchromenylium, which is a type of oxonium ion (chromenylium is referred also to as benzopyrylium).^[1] They form a large group of polymethine dye. In particular anthocyanidins are salt derivatives of the 2-phenylchromenylium cation, also known as flavylium cation. As shown in the figure below, the phenyl group at the 2-position can carry different substituents. The counterion of the flavylium cation is mostly chloride. With this positive charge, the anthocyanidins differ from other flavonoids.

Contents

  [hide] 

• 1pH
• 2Classification
• 3References
• 4External links

pH[edit]

The stability of anthocyanidins is dependent on pH. At a low pH (acidic conditions), colored anthocyanidins are present, whereas at a higher pH (basic conditions) the colorless chalcones forms are present.

Classification[edit]

3-Deoxyanthocyanidins such as luteolinidin are a class of anthocyanidins lacking an hydroxyl group on carbon 3.

Selected anthocyanidins and their substitutions

Anthocyanidin	Basic structure (R4′ = −OH)	R3′	R5′	R3	R5	R6	R7
Aurantinidin		−H	−H	−OH	−OH	−OH	−OH
Capensinidin		−OCH3	−OCH3	−OH	−OCH3	−H	−OH
Cyanidin		−OH	−H	−OH	−OH	−H	−OH
Delphinidin		−OH	−OH	−OH	−OH	−H	−OH
Europinidin		−OCH3	−OH	−OH	−OCH3	−H	−OH
Hirsutidin		−OCH3	−OCH3	−OH	−OH	−H	−OCH3
Malvidin		−OCH3	−OCH3	−OH	−OH	−H	−OH
Pelargonidin		−H	−H	−OH	−OH	−H	−OH
Peonidin		−OCH3	−H	−OH	−OH	−H	−OH
Petunidin		−OH	−OCH3	−OH	−OH	−H	−OH
Pulchellidin		−OH	−OH	−OH	−OCH3	−H	−OH
Rosinidin		−OCH3	−H	−OH	−OH	−H	−OCH3