Tuesday, 29 November 2016

Valeriana hardwickii dược liệu kháng U937

Valeriana hardwickii dược liệu kháng U937

Cây Nữ Lang - Valeriana Hardwickii


     
Bộ
Bộ Tục Đoạn (Dipsacales)
Họ
Họ Kim ngân (Caprifoliaceae)
Chi
Chi Nữ Lang (Valeriana)
Loài
Loài V. Hardwickii
Tên khoa học
Valeriana Hardwickii Wall
Mô tả: Cây thảo cao 1-1,5m, có thân nhẵn, có lông ở các mắt và có khi ở gốc, có rãnh ngoằn ngoèo. Lá ở gốc biến mất trước khi ra quả; lá ở thân kép lông chim có 3-5 lá chét, dài 1-6cm, rộng 0,5-3cm, không cuống, nguyên hay có răng, thót dài ở chóp, cái tận cùng lớn hơn. Hoa trắng thành xim dạng ngù ở ngọn rất rộng. Quả bế đẹp, dài 1,8-2mm, rộng 0,8-1mm, với một mặt lồi, có 3 cạnh dạng sợi, mặt kia ráp với một cạnh nhẵn; đài đồng trưởng, có răng phát triển thành 10 tơ dạng lông; dài 4-5mm, có râu nhỏ.
Hoa và quả tháng 10-2 (3), có khi gặp hoa vào tháng 5-7.  



Cây Nữ Lang - Valeriana Hardwickii
Cây Nữ Lang - Valeriana Hardwickii
Bộ phận dùng: Thân rễ - Rhizoma Valerianae. Thân rễ dài 5cm, rộng 6-12mm, màu nâu, có vạch ngang và phủ những u lồi, dạng cung, có khi còn dính cả rễ con.
Nơi sống và thu hái: Loài của Ấn Độ, Inđônêxia, Trung Quốc. Cây thường mọc ở vùng núi cao, trên đá dựa suối ở Lào Cai (Sapa) và Lâm Đồng (Đà Lạt).
Thành phần hoá học: Trong thân rễ có tinh dầu; cũng có những nét giống với tinh dầu Hiệt thảo - Valeriana officinalis L. và các chế phẩm của cây này cũng có mùi thơm đặc trưng như Valerian.
Tính vị, tác dụng: Vị ngọt, cay, tính ấm; có tác dụng kích thích mạnh, lợi trung tiện, sát trùng.
Người ta cho là có thể so sánh với loài Hiệt thảo - Valeriana offcinalis L., có tác dụng dưỡng tâm an thần, hoạt huyết thông kinh, lý khí chỉ thống.
Công dụng: Ở Ấn Độ, thường được dùng thay thế loài Hiệt thảo chữa: hystéria, động kinh, chứng múa giật, chứng loạn thần kinh chấn thương thời chiến, chứng loạn thần kinh chức năng.
Người ta cũng dùng làm hương liệu.  
Posted by at No comments:

Verbena officinalis dược liệu kháng Hep G2 (tế bào gây ung thư gan), HL60 (tế bào bạch cầu promyelocytic người), LNCaP (tế bào gây ung thư tuyến tiền liệt), MCF-7 (tế bào gây ung thư vú)

Verbena officinalis

Verbena officinalis dược liệu kháng Hep G2 (tế bào gây ung thư gan), HL60 (tế bào bạch cầu promyelocytic người), LNCaP (tế bào gây ung thư tuyến tiền liệt), MCF-7 (tế bào gây ung thư vú)
Not to be confused with holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum)
Verbena officinalis
Eisenkraut, Passau.JPG
Flowering plant
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
(unranked):Angiosperms
(unranked):Eudicots
(unranked):Asterids
Order:Lamiales
Family:Verbenaceae
Genus:Verbena
Species:V. officinalis
Binomial name
Verbena officinalis
L.
Synonyms
  • Verbena domingensis Urb.
  • Verbena macrostachya F.Muell.
Verbena officinalis, the common vervain or common verbena, is a perennial herb native to Europe. It grows up to a metre/yard high, with an upright habitus. The lobed leaves are toothed, the delicate spikes hold mauve flowers.
This plant prefers limey soils; it is occasionally grown as an ornamental plant but perhaps more often for the powerful properties some herbalists ascribe to it. Propagation is by root cuttings or seed. It is widely naturalised outside its native range, for example in North America.

Common names and taxonomy[edit]

It is also known as simpler's joy or holy herb, or more ambiguously as "mosquito plant" or "wild hyssop". The common name "blue vervain" is also sometimes used, but also refers to V. hastata. And of course, being the only member of its genus in much of its range, it is also simply known as "the vervain" locally.
The common names of V. officinalis in many Central and Eastern Europes languages often associate it with iron, for example:
  • Echtes Eisenkraut (German: "true ironherb")
  • IJzerhard (Dutch: "iron-hard")
  • Læge-Jernurt (Danish: "medical ironwort")
  • Železník lekársky (Slovak: "medical ironherb")
  • Rohtorautayrtti (Finnish: "medical ironherb")
Common vervain was scientifically described by Carl Linnaeus his 1753 Species Plantarum.[1] The scientific name references the Ancient Roman term verbena, used for any sacrificial herb considered very powerful (as described e.g. by Pliny the Elder). Officinalis, meanwhile, is Latin for "used in medicine or herbalism".

Systematics[edit]

One of the few species of Verbena native to regions outside the Americas, it is derived from the lineage nowadays occurring widely across North America. It might be closest to a group including such species as the White Vervain (V. urticifolia), V. lasiostachys or V. menthifolia, and perhaps the Swamp Verbena (V. hastata). As these, it is diploid with 14 chromosomes altogether.[2]
Numerous local varieties have been described, some of them as distinct species or subspecies. The following are often accepted today:[1]
  • Verbena officinalis var. africana (R. Fern. & Verdc.) Munir (= V. officinalis ssp. africana R.Fern. & Verdc.)
  • Verbena officinalis var. eremicola Munir
  • Verbena officinalis var. gaudichaudii Briq.
  • Verbena officinalis var. macrostachya (F. Muell.) Benth. (= V. macrostachya)
  • Verbena officinalis var. monticola Munir
  • Verbena officinalis var. officinalis L. (= V. domingensis)
The Texas vervain (V. halei) is sometimes included in V. officinalis as a subspecies or variety.[1] But despite the outward similarity, biogeography alone strongly suggests there is really no justification to include this North American native here, and DNA sequence data agrees. Instead, V. halei seems to be closely related to V. macdougalii, perhaps with some interbreeding with the V. menthifolia lineage which might explain its Common Vervain-like traits.[2]

Use by humans[edit]

Common vervain has been held in high esteem since the Classical Antiquity; it has long been associated with divine and other supernatural forces, and it has an equally long-standing use as a medicinal plant. Herbal capsules are used as a soporific drug in much the same way as for the better known valerian.
Verbena officinalis herb has been used in the traditional Austrian medicine internally (as tea or liqueur) for treatment of infections and fever.[3] Medical use of Common Vervain is usually as a herbal tea; Nicholas Culpeper's 1652 The English Physitian discusses folk uses. "Vervain", presumably this species, is one of the original 38 Bach flower remedies, prescribed against "over-enthusiasm"[citation needed]. In the Modern Era, it is sometimes considered a powerful "ally" of poets and writers, as its relaxing effects can relieve writer's block.[citation needed] It cannot be considered safe to use during pregnancy as it might cause miscarriages.[citation needed]
While common vervain is not native to North America, it has been introduced there and the Pawnee have adopted it as an entheogen enhancer and in oneiromancy, and is often referred to as the North American version of Calea zacatechichi.[citation needed]
In western Eurasia, the term "verbena" or "vervain" usually refers to this, the most widespread and common member of the mostly American genus occurring there. It was called "tears of Isis" in Ancient Egypt, and later on "Juno's tears". In Ancient Greece, it was dedicated to Eos Erigineia. In the early Christian era, folk legend stated that Common Vervain was used to stanch Jesus' wounds after his removal from the cross; hence names like "Holy Herb" or (e.g. in Wales) "Devil's bane"[verification needed].
Because of the association with the Passion of Christ, it came to be used in ointments to drive out and repel "demonic" illness. Vervain flowers are engraved on cimaruta, Italian anti-stregheria charms. In the 1870 The History and Practice of Magic by "Paul Christian" (Jean Baptiste Pitois) it is employed in the preparation of a mandragora charm[citation needed].
Hazlitt's Faiths and Folklore (1905) quotes Aubrey's Miscellanies (1721), to wit:
"Vervain and Dill / Hinder witches from their will."[4][5]
A Royal Navy Arabis class sloop of the World War I era was named HMS Verbena, and in World War II a Group 1 Flower class corvette bore the same name; a Group 2 vessel of the latter class was called HMS Vervain. The only Verbena widely found in England in a native state is common vervain, though it is just as possible that the names reference the popular ornamental verbenas, such as the garden vervain.

Chemistry[edit]

Chemical investigations of petroleum ether and chloroform extracts led to the isolation of β-sitosterol, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, 3-epiursolic acid, 3-epioleanolic acid and minor triterpenoids of derivatives of ursolic acid and oleanolic acids. Chromatographic purification of the methanol extract yield two iridoid glucosides (verbenalin and hastatoside), a phenylpropanoid glycoside, verbascoside and β-sitosterol-D-glucoside.[6] Hastatoside and verbenalin have sleep-promoting (soporific) properties.[7] It also contains a monoterpene alcohol called verbenol.[8] In another study, four compounds were isolated and identified as apigenin, 4'-hydroxywogonin, verbenalin, and hastatoside.[9] Aucubin has also been found as one the active constituents.[10]
Posted by at No comments:

Vitex trifolia dược liệu kháng HL60 (tế bào bạch cầu promyelocytic người)

Vitex trifolia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Vitex trifolia
Vitex trifolia.jpg
leaves, seeds (left), flowers (right)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
(unranked):Angiosperms
(unranked):Eudicots
(unranked):Asterids
Order:Lamiales
Family:Lamiaceae
Genus:Vitex
Species:V. trifolia
Binomial name
Vitex trifolia
L.
Vitex trifolia, the simpleleaf chastetree,[1] is a large coastal shrub or small tree.[2]

Description[edit]

Vitex trifolia is a large coastal shrub or small tree, less than 5 m in height with the stems covered by soft hairs (tomentose). The leaves are oppositely arranged along the stems and are usually compound, composed of 3 linear leaflets which range between 1 –12 cm in length. The upper surface of the leaves are green and the lower surface grayish green.
The flowers are born in panicles or clusters up to 18 cm in length. Individual flowers have purple to violet two-lipped corollas that are approximately 5 mm long. The stamen are in two pairs and the ovary is superior, or develops above the corolla. The fleshy fruits are about 6 mm in diameter and contain 4 small black seeds.

Distribution[edit]

Vitex trifolia is naturally found along coastlines from tropical East Africa as far east as French Polynesia.

Traditional medicine[edit]

The leaves are used to treat female ailments in the Cook Islands, and used to relieve fever in Samoa.[citation needed] Additionally in Samoa, the dried leaves are burned to deter mosquitos.[citation needed]

Indigenous Names[edit]

References[edit]

  1. Jump up^ "Vitex trifolia". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  2. Jump up^ "GRIN Species Records of Vitex". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-12-12.
  3. Jump up^ Vitex trifolia, Dr. K.M. Nadkarni's Indian Materia Medica, by A.K. Nadkarni, Popular Prakashan, Bombay, 1976, pp: 1281-2.
Posted by at No comments:
Subscribe to: Comments (Atom)