Sulfabenzamide promotes autophagic cell death in T-47D breast ...

Sulfabenzamide kháng T47D

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Sulfabenzamide

Clinical data
Routes of administration	Topical
Identifiers
IUPAC name[show]
CAS Number	127-71-9
ChemSpider	5128
UNII	G58F8OPL4I
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1243
ECHA InfoCard	100.004.419
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C13H12N2O3S
Molar mass	276.3
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
SMILES[show]
InChI[show]

Sulfabenzamide is an antibacterial/antimicrobial. Often used in conjunction with sulfathiazole and sulfacetamide (trade name - Sultrin) as a topical, intravaginal antibacterial preparation.^[1]

Notes[edit]

1. Jump up^ Siebenmann, Schnitzer; Schnitzer, R. J. (1943). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 65 (11): 2126. doi:10.1021/ja01251a029. Missing or empty |title= (help)

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Cytotoxicity of Hydrazones of Morpholine Bearing Mannich Bases .

Hydrazone kháng T47D

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Structure of the hydrazone functional group

Hydrazones are a class of organic compounds with the structure R
1R
2C=NNH
2.^[1] They are related to ketones and aldehydes by the replacement of the oxygen with the NNH
2 functional group. They are formed usually by the action of hydrazine on ketones or aldehydes.^[2][3]

Contents

  [hide] 

• 1Uses
• 2Reactions
• 3N,N′-dialkylhydrazones
• 4Gallery
• 5See also
• 6References

Uses[edit]

The formation of aromatic hydrazone derivatives is used to measure the concentration of low molecular weight aldehydes and ketones, e.g. in gas streams. For example, dinitrophenylhydrazine coated onto a silica sorbent is the basis of an adsorption cartridge. The hydrazones are then eluted and analyzed by HPLC using a UVdetector.

The compound carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (abbreviated as FCCP) is used to uncouple ATP synthesis and reduction of oxygen in oxidative phosphorylation in molecular biology. Phenylhydrazine reacts with glucose to form an osazone.

Hydrazone-based coupling methods are used in medical biotechnology to couple drugs to targeted antibodies (see ADC), e.g. antibodies against a certain type of cancer cell. The hydrazone-based bond is stable at neutral pH (in the blood), but is rapidly destroyed in the acidic environment of lysosomes of the cell. The drug is thereby released in the cell, where it exerts its function.^[4]

In aqueous solution, aliphatic hydrazones are 10²- to 10³-fold more sensitive to hydrolysis than analogous oximes.^[5]

Reactions[edit]

Hydrazones are reactants in hydrazone iodination, the Shapiro reaction and the Bamford-Stevens reaction to vinyl compounds. A hydrazone is an intermediate in the Wolff–Kishner reduction. Hydrazones can also be synthesized by the Japp–Klingemann reaction via β-keto-acids or β-keto-esters and aryl diazonium salts. The mechanochemical process was used recently as a green one to synthesize pharmaceutically attractive phenol hydrazones.^[6] Hydrazones are converted to azines when used in the preparation of 3,5-disubstituted 1H-pyrazoles,^[7] a reaction also well known using hydrazine hydrate.^[8][9]

N,N′-dialkylhydrazones[edit]

Main article: Enders SAMP/RAMP hydrazone alkylation reaction

In N,N′-dialkylhydrazones^[10] the C=N bond can be hydrolysed, oxidised and reduced, the N-N bond can be reduced to the free amine. The carbon atom if the C=N bond can react with organometallic nucleophiles. The alpha-hydrogen atom is more acidic by 10 orders of magnitude compared to the ketone and therefore more nucleophilic. Deprotonation with for instance LDA gives an azaenolate which can be alkylated by alkyl halides, a reaction pioneered by E.J. Corey and Dieter Enders in 1978.^[11][12] In asymmetric synthesis SAMP and RAMP are two chiral hydrazines that act as chiral auxiliary with a chiral hydrazone intermediate.^[13][14][15]

Gallery[edit]

• Hydrazones
• 

  Benzophenone hydrazone, an illustrative hydrazone
 
• 

  Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone
 
• 

  Gyromitrin(Acetaldehyde methylformylhydrazone), a toxin
 
• 

  Dihydralazine, an antihypertensive drug

See also[edit]

• Azo compound
• Imine
• Nitrosamine
• Hydrogenation of carbon–nitrogen double bonds

Ethylacetate Extract of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. Fruit Agains

Andaliman-Zanthoxylum acanthopodium kháng T47D

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  (Redirected from Zanthoxylum acanthopodium)

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Zanthoxylum acanthopodium
Habitus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Sapindales
Family:	Rutaceae
Genus:	Zanthoxylum
Species:	Z. acanthopodium
Binomial name
Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.[1]

Seeds

Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) is a species of flowering plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae. Its range includes southern China (western Guangxi Guizhou, Sichuan, Tibet Autonomous Region, and Yunnan), Bangladesh, Bhutan, northern India(Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal), Nepal, Laos, Burma, northern Thailand Vietnam, Indonesia (northern Sumatran highlands), and Peninsular Malaysia.^[1]

Much like the closely related Sichuan pepper (Z. piperitum), the seed pericarps are used as spices in cooking and have a similar tongue-numbing characteristic. However, in cooking, the flavour of andaliman has lemon-like notes (similar to those of lemon-grass) as well as a hint of the aromatic pandan leaf.