Sophora flavescens (Sophoraflavanone G) dược liệu kháng HL60

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Sophora flavescens
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Subfamily:	Faboideae
Tribe:	Sophoreae
Genus:	Sophora
Species:	S. flavescens
Binomial name
Sophora flavescens Aiton

Sophora flavescens, the shrubby sophora,^[1] is a species of plant in the genus Sophora a genus of the Fabaceae family, that contains about 52 species, nineteen varieties, and seven forms that are widely distributed in Asia, Oceanica, and the Pacific islands.About fifteen species in this genus have a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicines.^[2] The root is known as Ku shen^[3] and is a commonly-used traditional Chinese medicine.

Contents

  [hide] 

• 1Growth and cultivation
• 2Research
• 3Chemistry
• 4Toxicity
• 5Notes
• 6References
• 7External links

Growth and cultivation[edit]

Sophora flavescens is an evergreen slow growing shrub growing to 1.5 m (4.9 ft) by 1 m (3.3 ft). It is hardy to 0–10 °F (−18 – −12 °C) and to US zone 6. The plant prefers light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and requires well-drained soil. The plant prefers acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It requires moist soil. Like many other species in the Fabaceae family, this species can fix nitrogen.^{[citation needed]}

Research[edit]

This section needs more medical references for verification or relies too heavily on primary sources. Please review the contents of the section and add the appropriate references if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2015)

Sophorae injection can reduce the toxicity and adverse effects caused by chemotherapy ^{[4][non-primary source needed]}

It is anti-inflammatory and an antioxidant.^[5]

Anti-atherosclerosis ^[6] May be an effective cholesterol-lowering agent and useful for preventing hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis.^{[7][non-primary source needed]}

Sophora flavescens may have the potential for treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis.^{[8][non-primary source needed]}

Neuroprotective in focal cerebral ischemia.^{[9][non-primary source needed]}

A mix of Sophora flavescens and licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) gave better liver protective and anti-hepatocarcinogenic effects than licorice or Sophora alone. In addition, glycyrrhiza + sophora had a protective effect on immunosuppression, a strong non-specific anti-inflammatory effect, and reduced the incidence of sodium and water retention, protecting against pseudohypercorticosteroidism.^{[10][non-primary source needed]}

Sophora could possibly be used as a treatment for mast cell-derived allergic inflammatory diseases.^[11]

Inhibitory effects on cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP450 3A4)^[12]

The methanol extract of Sophora flavescens showed a potent glycosidase inhibitory activity.^[13]

A promising source of a natural, novel, new antifoulant.^[14]

May make skin whiter color by inhibition on tyrosinase-dependent melanin biosynthesis.^[15] Therefore, a potential source of novel whitening agents for ultraviolet (UV)-sensitive skin ^[16]

Chemistry[edit]

Matrine (left) and its oxide

A variety of chemical compounds have been isolated from S. flavescens, including:

• Matrine and matrine oxide, quinolizidine alkaloids found in the roots^[17]
• Kushenin, a pterocarpan and isoflavonoid^[18]
• Sophoraflavanone G^[19]
• 7,9,2',4'-Tetrahydroxy-8-isopentenyl-5-methoxychalcone^[20]
• Sophoridine^[21]
• Trifolirhizin, a pterocarpan flavonoid, isolated from the roots^[22]
• 8-Prenylkaempferol, a prenylflavonoid^[23]
• Oxysophocarpine and sophocarpine, alkaloids^[24]

Toxicity[edit]

Toxic effects from use of the root may include nausea, dizziness, vomiting, constipation, spasms, disturbance of speech, irregular breathing, respiratory failure and death^[25].