Inhibition effects of three kinds of bufotoxins on human SMMC-7721 and BEL-7402 hepatoma cells lines [J]

Bufotoxin kháng Bel 7402

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This article appears to contradict itself on whether "bufotoxin" refers only to the steroids or to all toxic substances found in toad venom. Please see the talk page for more information. (March 2014)

Bufotoxins are a family of toxic steroid lactones. They occur in the parotoid glands, skin and poison of many toads (genus Bufo) and other amphibians, and in some plants and mushrooms.^[1][2][3] The exact composition varies greatly with the specific source of the toxin. It can contain: 5-MeO-DMT, bufagins, bufalin, bufotalin, bufotenin, bufothionine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. The term bufotoxin can also be used specifically to describe the conjugate of a bufagin with suberylargine.^[4]

The toxic substances found in toads can be divided by chemical structure in two groups:

• bufadienolides which are cardiac glycosides (e.g. bufotalin, bufogenin)
• tryptamine related substances (e.g. bufotenin)

Toads known to secrete bufotoxin are:^{[citation needed]}

• Bufo alvarius
• Bufo americanus
• Bufo arenarum
• Bufo asper
• Bufo blombergi
• Bufo boreas
• Bufo bufo
• Bufo bufo gargarizans
• Bufo Gutturalis
• Bufo formosus
• Bufo fowleri
• Rhinella marina (formerly Bufo marinus)
• Bufo melanostictus
• Bufo peltocephalus
• Bufo quercicus
• Bufo regularis
• Bufo valliceps
• Bufo viridis
• Bufo vulgaris

Extraction[edit]

Extract from the skin of certain Asian toads, such as Bufo bufo gargarizans, is often found in certain Chinese folk remedies.^{[citation needed]}